A Comparison of the Physical Effort Required for Laparoscopic and Open Surgical Techniques
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
A comparison of the physical effort required for laparoscopic and open surgical techniques.
HYPOTHESIS Performing complex tasks requires greater muscle effort with laparoscopic instruments than with open surgical instruments. DESIGN A nonrandomized 2-condition trial. SETTING A semienclosed ergonomics station in the exhibit hall at the Annual Meeting of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons. SUBJECTS Twenty-one surgeons volunteered to participate in the stu...
متن کاملcomparison of the amount of debris extruded apically in two rotary techniques: flexmaster and m2
چکیده ندارد.
15 صفحه اولComparison of percutaneous versus open surgical techniques for placement of peritoneal dialysis catheter in children: A randomized clinical trial
Background: This research compares the outcomes of percutaneous technique and open surgical peritoneal dialysis catheter placement in children. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, between 2010 and 2011,a total of 35 pediatric uremic patients were enrolled and randomized into two study groups. Follow up data included duration of operation (minute), duration of hospitalization (days...
متن کاملthe evaluation and comparison of two esp textbooks available on the iranian market for teaching english to the students of medicine
abstract this study evaluated and compared medical terminology and english for the students of medicine (ii) as two representatives of the textbooks available on the iranian market for teaching english to the students of medicine. this research was performed on the basis of a teacher’s and a number of students’ attitudes and the students’ needs analysis for two reasons: first, to investigate...
15 صفحه اولa comparison of linguistic and pragmatic knowledge: a case of iranian learners of english
در این تحقیق دانش زبانشناسی و کاربردشناسی زبان آموزان ایرانی در سطح بالای متوسط مقایسه شد. 50 دانش آموز با سابقه آموزشی مشابه از شش آموزشگاه زبان مختلف در دو آزمون دانش زبانشناسی و آزمون دانش گفتار شناسی زبان انگلیسی شرکت کردند که سوالات هر دو تست توسط محقق تهیه شده بود. همچنین در این تحقیق کارایی کتابهای آموزشی زبان در فراهم آوردن درون داد کافی برای زبان آموزان ایرانی به عنوان هدف جانبی تحقیق ...
15 صفحه اولذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Archives of Surgery
سال: 2003
ISSN: 0004-0010
DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.138.9.967